The forests in Germany cover approximately 11.5 million hectares. This corresponds to almost 32 % of the area of Germany. Forests - often on the same area - have to meet a variety of requirements from different areas of our society. This is the guiding principle of multifunctional forest management, which combines the sustainable safeguarding of the use, protective and recreational functions of the forest.

By far the largest part of the forest is used for forestry purposes. The basis for this are the naturally occurring species of trees and shrubs in Germany, most of which are native tree and shrub species. However, in view of climate change, non-native tree species are also of increasing interest. Intensive research is being carried out into the potential and risks of these species.

In contrast to agriculture, only naturally occurring species are used in forestry. Forest trees and shrubs are usually wild plants and not cultivated plants.

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolution and the basis for species' adaptability and thus for their survival. It is the basis for a wide range of reactions to biotic and abiotic influences. This is particularly important due to the longevity of the trees, as trees cannot avoid unfavourable influences due to their location.

"Forest genetic resources" are genetic material (populations, individuals, plant parts, seeds, fruits) of tree and shrub species with actual or potential value for sustainable multifunctional forestry.

A large genetic diversity ensures that the needs of future generations can be met in the face of changing demands on the performance of forests, in particular on the production of wood as a raw material, even under possibly changed environmental conditions.